Answer 1:
It is estimated that one seventh of the population will have at least one episode of epistaxis in their lifetime. Most cases are minor and present in the dry or colder months. 90% can be successfully managed in the ED.

Most cases are spontaneous and idiopathic. The most common cause being nose picking (epistaxis digitorum). Hypertension is more likely a result of the fear or refection of arteriosclerosis, than a cause itself.

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