Anticonvulsants can either be given at the beginning of treatment or at the first sign of convulsions or seizures. Diazepam (Valium) 5.0 mg IV (2 to 4 doses repeated at five-minute intervals) is recommended. Valium serves the added purpose of sedating a patient who becomes agitated during cooling. Note that the downside is not being able to accurately follow a neurological exam.