The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine

 

Volume 73 Number 8
December 2006
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Erythrocytosis in a Patient on Hemodialysis for Thirteen Years 1095–1097
Kubra Kaynar, M.D.1, Utku Donem Dilli, M.D.2, Remzi Akdogan, M.D.3, Elif Akdogan, M.D.4, Feyyaz Ozdemir, M.D.5, Umit Cobanoglu, M.D.6, Semih Gul, M.D.1, and Sukru Ulusoy, M.D.1

Departments of 1Nephrology, 2Internal Medicine, 3Gastroenterology, 4Hematology, 5Oncology, and 6Pathology, School of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.

Address all correspondence to Dr. Kubra Kaynar, Karadeniz Teknik Universitesi, Tip Fakultesi, Nefroloji Bilim Dali, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey; e-mail: kkaynar@yahoo.com

Accepted for publication May 2006.

Abstract

Most hemodialysis patients exhibit renal anemia mainly due to erythropoietin deficiency as a result of impaired erythropoetin production in the kidney. However, erythrocytosis in patients with renal failure requiring hemodialysis is extremely rare. We report the development of erythrocytosis in a patient with a polycystic kidney disease on hemodialysis for 13 years. She had erythrocytosis with increased serum erythropoietin levels despite severe secondary hyperparathyroidism, which is known to depress erythrocytosis. Since neither renal disease (renal cell carcinoma) nor extrarenal diseases (hypoxia, hepatoma, cerebellar diseases) linked with erythropoietin production could be proven, this case might be one with inappropriate idiopathic erythropoietin production after 13 years of hemodialysis, the longest duration of dialysis in the literature before erythrocytosis was observed.

Key Words

Erythrocytosis, hemodialysis, polycystic kidney disease, polycythemia


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