Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science

Introduction Fertility Procedures and Treatments Pelvic Pain, PMS, and Menopause Pelvic Pain Premenstrual Syndrome Menopause Glossary Resources

Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility: Menstrual Concerns
Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects approximately 5-10% of reproductive age women. They experience a variety of emotional symptoms each month during the second half of their menstrual cycle. While the exact cause of PMS is not known, it is clearly related to hormonal fluctuations. The objective of treatment is to make the patient more comfortable and to enable her to function more normally.

Behavioral symptoms
  • fatigue
  • irritability
  • anxiety
  • depression
  • insomnia
  • difficulty working effectively
 Physical symptoms
  • bloating
  • breast tenderness
  • ankle swelling
  • headaches
  • acne

Treatment
PMS can be treated in a variety of ways. In some patients, simple lifestyle changes, such as a diet and exercise program and stress management strategies, may be extremely helpful. Decreasing caffeine and salt intake may decrease some physical symptoms. In other patients, hormonal treatments and even antidepressant medications may be required to help the woman through the most difficult days. Overall, the majority of women experience considerable improvement with appropriate treatment.

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